On the Contribution of Professor Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov to the Development of Metallurgy in the 20th Century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4467/2543702XSHS.25.017.21855Keywords:
Ural, Irkutsk, Kharkov, UkrNIIMet, Mozharov, gas generators, steel, cast iron, open-hearth furnace, metallurgy, ARMCO iron, Toncan ironAbstract
The article presents the research results of the scientific and pedagogical activities of an outstanding metallurgist of the first half of the 20th century, Professor Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov. The scientist’s formative years and motives for his interest in metallurgy are discussed.
Based on archival data, it was found that the active production activity of Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov began after his graduation from the St. Petersburg Mining Institute in 1907.
Since the end of 1916, Mozharov headed the Nikolaev Metallurgical Plants in Irkutsk. From March 1920 to the beginning of 1922, Mozharov worked at the Irkutsk Council of National Economy.
In the years 1922–1925, Mozharov served as deputy chairman of the Irkutsk Provincial Executive Committee and the Planning Commission. Due to a serious illness of the eldest son, the family was forced to move to Kharkov.
In November 1925, Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov became the Chief Metallurgist of the Board of the Southern Machine-Building Trust. From the end of 1929, Vladimir Andreevich worked at the Kharkov Institute of Metals as head of the steelmaking group, head of the department of heat power engineering of metallurgical processes, and then deputy director for scientific work. The most famous work carried out under the leadership of Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov in the 1930s was the development of the technology for producing ARMCO iron and Tonсan technical iron.
During the evacuation in 1941–1943, works under the leadership of Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov were carried out to intensify melting and pressure processing of steel ingots, to replace Ukrainian iron ores with Ural and Kuznetsk ones, and to use technology for producing ferroalloys from local ores. After returning to Kharkov, the scientist led the restoration of Ukraine’s Institute of Metals and metallurgical enterprises destroyed by the war. Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov passed away at the end of 1952.
The article analyzes some interesting, forgotten and little-known facts of the biography of the outstanding metallurgist, scientist and teacher Vladimir Andreevich Mozharov, which are an integral and important part of the history of metallurgy of the 20th century.
References
ARCHIVAL SOURCES
Archive of the National Technical University “Kharkov Polytechnic institute”, case 10070: V.A. Mozharov, 25 pp.
Archive of the Ukrainian Scientific and Research Institute of Metals. Personal file of P.N. Kushnir, 9 pp.
Archive of the Ukrainian Scientific and Research Institute of Metals. Personal file of V.A. Mozharov, 162 pp.
Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg (CSHA of SPb), f. 19, desk. 127, case 1686: Population records of the church at the Alexander Lyceum. 1905, 381 pp.
CSHA of SPb, f. 19, desk. 129, case 233: Metric book of the Annunciation Church on Vasilyevsky Island. 1906, 396 pp.
Central Scientific-technical Archive of Ukraine (CSTAU), f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 11: Technical report on the theme: Introduction and efficiency of bearings with wooden inserts (combined) in rolling mills. 1931–1933, 26 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 100: Technical report on the theme: Stress on the teeth of gear rolls for rolling mills. 1935, 39 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 103: Technical report on the theme: Determining the conditions for the possibility of using composite textolite bearings for large-section sheet mills and blooming mills. 1935, 80 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 115: Technical report on the theme: Production and research of telegraph wire from ARMCO iron. 1936, 50 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 138: Technical report on the theme: Development of design requirements for stress in the connecting parts of rolling mills in order to extend the service life of these parts. 1937, 45 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 148: Technical report on the theme: Toncan iron smelting. 1938, 29 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 191: Technical report on the theme: Testing Toncan type iron for corrosion resistance. 1938, 5 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 340: Technical report on the theme: Developing the calibration and organizing the rolling of Larsen sheet piling at the factories named after Voikov and named after Dzerzhinsky. 1940, 40 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 399: Technical report on the theme: On the influence of scratches formed during rolling on the quality and mechanical properties of sheets. 1940, 29 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 416: Technical report on the theme: Smelting ferromanganese in a blast furnace of the Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant named after Stalin on magnesium slag. 1942, 47 pp.
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CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 521: Technical report on the theme: Implementation of casting and heat treatment for graphitizing steel. 1948, 49 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 566: Technical report on the theme: Improving the production of boiling quality sheet steel. 1948, 37 pp.
CSTAU, f. R-13, desk. 1, complex 3–5, case 1061: Technical report on the theme: The productivity of an open-hearth furnace and its main determining factors. 1938, 18 pp.
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CSASA, f. 34, desk. 14, case 4043: Correspondence with the Ukrainian Scientific and Research Institute of Metals. 1931, 37 pp.
CSASA, f. 34, desk. 14, case 4769: Mozharov Vladimir Andreevich. Deputy Director of the Institute of Metals for Scientific Work, 21 pp.
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STUDIES AND PUBLISHED SOURCES
Benedix, Carl Axel Fredrik; Lefquist, Helge 1935: Non-metallic Inclusions in Iron and Steel. Transl. from English by I.V. Mozharov, A.A. Zolotarev. Ed. by prof. V.A. Mozharov. Kharkov; Kyiv: ONTI. State scientific-technical publishing house of Ukraine, 285 pp.
Larsen, Bernard; Schroeder, Friedrich; Bauer, Ernst; Campbell, John. 1932: Service Conditions and Destruction Processes of Refractory Materials in an Open-hearth Furnace. Transl. from German by I.V. Mozharov. Ed. and with ad. by prof. V.A. Mozharov. Kharkov; Odessa: Steel, 147 pp.
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